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B negative blood type ethnicity7/1/2023 ![]() ![]() These conditions are also relevant for COVID-19. A 2012 meta-analysis found that, in addition to individual variants, a non-O blood type is among the most important genetic risk factors for venous thromboembolism 34. For example, genome-wide association studies have associated variants within ABO to activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme 7, red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit 8, 9, 10, 11, von Willebrand factor 12, 13, 14, 15, myocardial infarction 16, 17, coronary artery disease 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, ischemic stroke 13, 19, 22, type 2 diabetes 23, 24, 25, and venous thromboembolism 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33. This gene is associated with a number of other traits, including risk factors for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. The ABO blood type trait reflects polymorphisms within the ABO gene. Conversely, however, they estimated lower odds of mechanical ventilation for all non-O types, though the estimated odds ratios were not statistically significant at the 5% level for this outcome. found 6 a higher risk of COVID-19 among A and a lower risk among O blood types. Similarly, using a meta-analysis of data from Italy and Spain, Ellinghaus et al. found a greater proportion of A and a lower proportion of O blood types among COVID-19 patients, relative to the general populations of Wuhan and Shenzhen 5. Using data from Wuhan and Shenzhen, Zhao et al. Recent work has demonstrated an association between ABO blood types and COVID-19 risk. A number of risk factors for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality are known, including age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic cardiovascular and respiratory diseases 3, 4. As of August 22, New York City has recorded 228,144 confirmed infections and 19,014 deaths 2. Within the United States, New York suffered among the worst outbreaks during the early phases of the pandemic. Minority and diverse populations, therefore, play a critical role in meeting the constant need for blood.The novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus) has spread rapidly across the globe and has caused over 21.1 million confirmed infections and over 761,000 deaths worldwide as of Aug1. Type O is routinely in short supply and in high demand by hospitals – both because it is the most common blood type and because type O negative blood, in particular, is the universal type needed for emergency transfusions. For example, 51 percent of African-Americans and 57 percent of Hispanics are type O, but only 45 percent of Caucasians are type O. So Sickle cell patients with these blood types must rely on donors with matching blood types within their own community.ĭifferent ethnic and racial groups also have different frequencies of the main blood types in their populations. For example, U-negative and Duffy-negative blood types are unique to African-Americans. Therefore, it is essential that the donor diversity match the patient diversity. Certain blood types are unique to specific racial and ethnic groups. There are more than 600 known antigens besides A and B. If all eligible donors gave at least twice a year, it would help prevent blood shortages. However, shortages of all types of blood occur during the summer and winter holidays. Miller-Keystone Blood Center often runs short of types O and B blood, and AB plasma. TypeĪs you can see, some types mix, while others don’t, but each type is important when it comes to saving lives. Click your type below to learn more about it. Safe blood transfusions depend on careful blood typing and cross-matching. Each is paired with a + or – Rh factor, which is determined by the presence or absence of substances that can trigger immune responses if they are foreign to the body. The four main ABO blood types are O, A, B, and AB. Even though all blood consists of the same basic elements, not all blood is alike. Over 100 years ago, it was discovered that people have different types of blood. ![]()
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